GIAC

GIAC is the certification body founded by the SANS Institute that validates the hands-on skills taught in SANS courses. Its exams are open book, proctored, and organized into tracks such as offensive operations, digital forensics, cloud, and management, with credentials including GSEC, GCIH, GPEN, and GWAPT. GIAC certifications are widely accepted for US Department of Defense workforce requirements, and each one has to be renewed every four years.